Encryption Key

A piece of information (typically a string of bits) used by encryption algorithms to encode and decode data. Encryption keys are like passwords for encrypted data—without the correct key, encrypted data cannot be decrypted. Key management is critical because if keys are compromised, encrypted data becomes vulnerable. Best practices for encryption keys include generating keys using cryptographically secure methods, storing keys separately from encrypted data, implementing strict access controls for keys, rotating keys periodically, maintaining key backup and escrow procedures for recovery, logging key access and usage, using key management systems or hardware security modules for sensitive applications, and ensuring keys are destroyed securely when no longer needed. The strength of encryption depends not just on the algorithm but on proper key management. Regulatory guidance often emphasizes that encrypted data with compromised keys isn't truly protected.